Index to The Missing Times:
Note: This is an early version of the book's index and is not identical to that published in the final draft. Consequently, the page numbers do not correspond with those in the printed version. Also, this version contains a few errors that were later corrected during copy editing. This early version of the index is provided to help potential readers assess the book's contents.
A
A Psychological Warfare Casebook, 66
A Reporter's Life (book), 163, 164
A Strange Harvest (TV program), 179
ABC, 39, 74, 76, 177, 179
Abducted by Aliens? (TV program), 167
Abduction: Human Encounters With Aliens (book), 121
Academia and UFOs, 147
Adamski, George, 156
AEC. See Atomic Energy Commission
Aerial Phenomena Research Organization (APRO), 107, 109, 124
and CIA's Robertson Panel, 107
and surveillance of, 115
and test of wire services, 114
AFS/Dialog Productions, 178
Aguilera, Christina, 187
Air Force. See U.S. Air Force
Air Force Regulation (AFR) 200-2
and role in censorship of UFO reports, 103
Air Staff 2(a), 142
Air Technical Intelligence Center, 102
Air Technical Intelligence Command, 109
Aircraft encounters with UFOs, 29, 127
and Braniff pilot's experience, 126
and JANAP 146, 103
and threats against pilots, 125
British Airways, 126
C-118 crash incident, 128
dangers from, 127
Edward Ruppelt on military pilot sightings, 101
examples on file at British Public Records Office, 128
Frederick Valentich case, 128
Frequency estimate of, 127
JAL 747 incident, 128
Kenneth Arnold, 100
Kinross AFB incident, 136
non-commericial, 104
Sokol helicopter incident, 128
Swissair incident, 127
United Airlines (1947), 101
Varig Airlines C-46, 126
Airline companies
pressure from Air Force about UFO reports, 104
Airline Pilots Association (ALPA), 119
Alamagordo, New Mexico
UFO sightings near, 12
Albuquerque, New Mexico, 28, 114, 179
Aldrich, Jan, 5
about ghost rockets, 99
and Majestic-12 documents, 156
on airline company policies and JANAP 146, 104
on history of JANAP 146
Alfred A. Knopf (book publisher), 54
Aliens in the Skies (book), 176
Allen, Woody, 182
Altavista, 183
America Online, 184, 189
American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU)
role in censorship of The CIA and the Cult of Intelligence, 54
American Federation of Labor (AFL), 119, 12
and Frank Edwards, 120
as sponsor of Frank Edwards radio program, 119
American Society of Newspaper Editors, 77
Angleton, James Jesus, 52
Annex Foxtrot, 53
AP. See Associated Press
Apollo program (NASA), 105
APRO. See Aerial Phenomena Research Organization
Area 51, 159
Argumenten, 70
Armstrong Circle Theater, 164
Army, U.S., 29
Arnold, Kenneth, 100
sighting as trigger for additional UFO reports, 100
Assassination, 85
as method of UFO censorship, 88, 131
of journalists, 56
Associated Press (AP), 18, 46, 47, 51, 52, 113, 114
and possible link to CIA, 114
quotes Air Force official John Carter at Paine Field, 18
At the Threshold: UFOs, Science and the New Age (book), 177
Atomic Energy Act, 47, 49
Atomic Energy Commission (AEC), 48, 68, 69, 133
Atrocity stories, 60
babies as victims, 73
yellow rain, 7
Attwood, William, 41
Australian Security Intelligence Organization (ASIO), 118
Aviation Week & Space Technology, 121, 146, 159, 160, 161
B
B-52 bomber
and UFO report by Fish and Game employee, 13
Bagdikian, Ben, 77, 180
Baker, Robert A., 165
Bamford, James, 53
Barger, Brian, 51
Bassett, Donna, 166
and Time magazine, 121, 122
Bates, Bill, 152
Baton Rouge Advocate, 47
Battelle Memorial Institute, 142
Bay of Pigs, 50
BBC, 164
Beam, M. Thomas
reporter for Great Falls Tribune, 16
Beaverbrook, Lord, 59
Bell, Art, 131, 180
departure from commercial radio, 181
Bellevue, Washington
home of Robert Salas, 18
Berliner, Don, 5
and Majestic-12 documents, 157
Bernays, Edward L., 37, 63, 64
Bernstein, Carl, 38, 42
Berry College
content analysis of New York Times, 23
Bethe, Hans, 48
Beyond Top Secret (book), 116, 124
Bingham, Barry, 38
Blair, Bruce, 56
Boeing 737
and UFO over England, 127
Boeing Corp.
and Minuteman shutdowns, 18
as Minuteman prime contractor, 12
struggles to find answer to missile shutdowns, 18
Bogus investigations and reports, 85, 134
as possible UFO propaganda method, 90
examples of UFO-related, 141
Robertson Panel as, 108
University of Colorado UFO study, 109, 142
Boise, Idaho, 100, 101
Bonner, Raymond, 52
Boston Globe, 111, 112
and story by Leslie Kean, 112
survey of American newspapers, 72
Boulder Daily Camera, 114
Bourret, Jean-Claude
and UFO radio broadcasts, 120
Braden, Tom, 39
Bradley, General Omar Nelson, 57
Brazel, Mac, 124, 131
Brazil
media coverage of UFO reports missing, 114
Brender, Mark, 74
Brian, Earl W., 73
British Airways
and threats against pilot Graham Sheppard, 126
explanation for pressure on UFO witnesses, 126
near-miss with UFO, 127
British Interplanetary Society, 26
British Provost and Security Services, 117
Broad, William, 154
Broadcast stations
KGFL, 124
KMGH-TV, 179
KOAT, 114
KOJM asked to confirm radar UFO report, 18
KQDI-AM/FM, 8
KSWS, 114
KUDI-AM, 8
WCCO, 153
Brookings Institution
compartmentalization study censorship, 56
study on the impact of contact with extraterrestrials, 31
Brown, Anthony Cave
quoted about the London Controlling Section, 66
Brown, T. Townsend, 115
Brugioni, Dino A., 182
Bryan III, Joseph, 116
Bryan, C.D.B., 5
commenting on NOVA UFO abduction program, 166
comments about abductees and media, 129
Brynildsen, Capt. John P.
role in confiscation of Mariana UFO film, 117
Bullard, Arthur, 61
Bullard, Thomas, 186
Burchett, Wilfred, 68
Bush, George, 39, 55, 72, 73, 164
Bush, Vannevar, 33, 156
Business Week, 65
Butler, Ewen, 47
Byrne, John A., 152
C
C-118 cargo aircraft crash, 128
C-46 cargo aircraft
UFO sighting from, 126
C-5A transport aircraft, 139
Cable News Network (CNN)
owned by Time-Warner, 76
Cable TV, 177
California Institute of Technology, 108
Canadian Department of Transport, 33
Canfield, Cass, 54
Cantril, Hadley (social psychologist), 31, 145, 164
cited in CIA's Robertson Panel, 107
conclusions about CBS Orson Welles broadcast, 31
CapCities, 39
Carlberg, Herbert A.
CBS director admits censorship for Air Force, 112
Carter, John
says Air Force not excited about UFOs, 18
Carvalho, Bernard J.O., 115
Cascade County, Montana, 11, 13, 14
Casey, William, 39, 51, 72, 164
Casolaro, Danny, 56
Cattle mutilation phenomenon, 29, 179
and Mystery Stalks the Prairie, 11
as reason for press interest, 15
documentary by Linda M. Howe, 179
proposed causes of, 11
CBS, 31, 38, 39, 41, 64, 65, 67, 73, 76, 112, 156, 162, 163, 164, 165, 172, 176, 177, 182, 185
and Armstrong Circle Theater censorship, 112
and CIA's Robertson Panel, 163
and CIA-inspired UFO propaganda film, 162
and KMGH-TV, 179
and swamp gas cover story, 135
and the CIA, 39, 164
and the Orson Welles Mercury Theatre of the Air, 30
and TWA Flight 800 story, 127
and War of the Worlds panic, 164
as CIA asset, 38
celebrates the New Deal's second anniversary, 64
letter about Walter Cronkite interview, 163
Censorship, 36, 46, 97, 113
Air Force pressure on airline companies, 104
Air Force Regulation (AFR) 200-2, 103
and Official Secrets Act, 124
and role of newspaper editors in WWII, 47
and the role of the elite news media, 85
by U.S. Navy in WWII, 45
conclusions about UFO, 132
Coral Lorenzen's comments about, 109
covert, 49
in World War II by journalists, 47
of airline pilots, 101
of airline pilots and protest about, 103
of articles and books about atomic energy, 48
of foo fighter reports in World War II, 98
of ghost rocket reports in Scandinavia, 99
of Japanese balloon attacks, 47
of UFO sightings, 84
of wire service UFO reports, 113
of wire services, 51
overt and covert (defined), 42
possible accidents, 93
possible methods for UFO sightings, 85
theory about wire service, 24
World War II station locations, 46
Censorship at source, 85, 86, 102
and NASA, 105
by National Security Agency (NSA), 105
examples in UFO crisis, 98
origins of, 47
reporters ordered from radar room, 102
Robert Salas ordered not to talk about missile incidents, 17
role in Minuteman situation, 92
Center for UFO Studies, 155, 157, 181, 185, 186, 188, 194, 196, 197
and Web site, 189
as source of UFO information, 25
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 19, 28, 30, 32, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 48, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 65, 67, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 75, 76, 81, 82, 92, 96, 107, 108, 110, 111, 113, 115, 141, 146, 149, 151, 155, 157, 163, 164, 168, 170, 189
and assassination, 132
and author Robert Temple, 123
and character assassination, 88
and Cold War cultural propaganda, 145
and deception conference, 108
and domestic UFO propaganda, 109
and Donald Menzel, 158
and Generoso Pope Jr., 150
and Glomar Explorer, 134
and Glomar Explorer press coverage, 135
and Hadley Cantril, 31
and Hudson Valley UFO sightings, 139
and news organizations, 109
and NICAP, 115, 116
and photographic trickery, 182
and possible UFO propaganda, 91
and Ramparts magazine, 52
and report by Gerald K. Haines, 155
and Robertson Panel, 107, 108, 109
and secrecy agreements, 115
and suspected involvement with University of Colorado UFO study, 114
and the National Enquirer, 149
and UFO disinformation, 154
and UFO photography, 183
and UFOs, 105
and Walter Cronkite, 163
and wire services, 114
as source of funding for National Enquirer, 151
comments about Robertson Panel by David Saunders, 108
possible role in Minuteman/UFO story, 92
sources and methods, 96
Cessna, 29
O-2A as possible decoy in Hudson Valley UFO incident, 139
Chadwell, H. Marshall
memo to CIA regarding UFO activity, 28
Chalker, Bill, 118
Chancellor, John, 39
Character assassination, 85
against physicist James McDonald, 121
as possible UFO censorship method, 87
Gilbert Levin's experiences with NASA, 122
of Robert Wood by Edward Condon, 123
UFO-related examples given, 120
Chatelain, Maurice, 105, 106
on UFO sightings by astronauts, 105
Chavez, Dennis, 124
Chouteau County, Montana, 14
UFO sighting wave of November 19, 1975, 14
Chronicle, 59
Churchill, Winston, 60
CIA. See Central Intelligence Agency
Citizens Against UFO Secrecy (CAUS), 115
Civil Aviation Authority (CAA), 127
Civil War, 43
Civilian Saucer Investigation, 107
and CIA's Robertson Panel, 107
and surveillance of, 115
Clark, Jerome, 5, 130, 146, 158
on Donald Menzel, 158
on Donald Menzelís role, 158
Clarke, Arthur C., 191, 195
Clear Intent (book), 11
and Montana UFO sightings, 11
Close Encounters of the Fourth Kind (book), 166
Close Encounters of the Third Kind (movie), 16
CNI News, 157, 184, 185
CNN (Cable News Network), 76
Coast to Coast, 24, 131, 180
Code of Federal Regulations
and NASA secrecy, 105
Cohn, Roy, 150
COINTELPRO (FBI covert program), 52, 71
Colby, William, 42
Cold War, 35, 41, 47, 57, 70, 71, 73, 74, 76, 81, 110, 145, 151, 154
and UFOs, 30
College Press Services, 40
COMETA (French report about UFO threat), 30
and comments about U.S. government UFO disinformation, 155
Commando Solo (psychological warfare aircraft), 70
Committee for Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal (CSICOP), 125, 137, 146, 147, 148, 159, 161, 164, 165, 167, 170
and academics, 147
Committee of Concerned Journalists, 77
Committee on Public Information (CPI), 40, 61
Computer UFO Network (CUFON), 18, 197
and Web site, 188
Condon Commission. See University of Colorado UFO study
Condon, Edward U., 109, 143, 144, 158, 162, 171
and Dr. Robert Wood, 123
recommendations about UFO research, 144
Confiscation of evidence, 85, 87
attempted by NSA employee, 123
examples of UFO-related, 117
Gordon Cooper's story, 118
photographic, 118
Congress for Cultural Freedom, 145
Considine, Bob, 68, 140, 141
Conspiracy of Silence (book), 124
Content analysis of New York Times, 23
Cooper, Gordon
and Edwards AFB UFO, 118
Copley News Service, 38
Copley, James, 38
Corso, Philip J., 29, 33
Cosmopolitan, 141
Costello, Frank, 150, 151
Cover stories, 85, 134
as possible UFO propaganda method, 89
helicopters as, 135
non-UFO examples of, 134
Covert action
and the CIA, 81
CPI. See Committee on Public Information
Creel, George, 40, 46, 61, 62
Creighton, Gordon (Flying Saucer Review editor), 120
Cronkite, Betsy (wife of Walter), 67
Cronkite, Walter, 164
and knowledge of CIAís role in CBS film, 163
as narrator of CIA-inspired UFO propaganda film, 162
hired by CBS, 67
reports about atomic testing, 68
role in World War II, 67
stationed in Moscow, 67
Crossfire (CNN TV program), 39
Cruickshank, Charles (war historian), 66
CSICOP. See Committee for Scientific Investigations of Claims of the Paranormal (CSICOP)
D
Daily Mail, 40, 59
Damage control, 85, 134
and Hudson Valley UFO sightings, 137, 139
and Washington, D.C., UFO sightings, 137
as possible UFO propaganda method, 89
at Quantico Marine base, 136
examples of UFO-related, 136
Dan Air
policy against talking with UFO investigators, 126
Danielou, Cardinal, 120
Daniels, Clifton, 41
Dateline (TV program)
and John Mack's experiences, 167
Davis, Elmer, 65
Davis, Sid, 39
DC-3
and UFO sighting, 101
de Beyssac, Jean Vincent (airline pilot), 126
de Rochefort, Nicholas, 115
Dean, John, 52
Debunking
and CIA's Robertson Panel, 107
Decent Interval (book), 55
Deep-cover agents, 85, 134
as possible UFO propaganda method, 91
UFO debunker Philip J. Klass as, 159
UFO related, 157
Defence of the Realm Act, 43, 44
Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA)
and surveillance of Society for Scientific Exploration, 116
monitoring of UFO news reports, 113
Dennison Daily News, 100
Department of Energy (DOE), 49
Department of Justice, 49
Department of Propaganda in Enemy Countries, 64
Der Monat, 70
DeTrani, Joseph, 50
Deuley, Thomas
and Majestic-12 documents, 157
Deutch, John M., 41
Dexter, Michigan, 162
swamp gas incident, 135
DiIanni, Denise, 166, 167
Directorate of Scientific and Technical Intelligence (DSTI), 142
Discover (magazine), 169, 170
and Hudson Valley UFO story, 168
Discrete contacts, 85
as UFO censorship tool, 86
UFO censorship examples, 110
Disinformation, 38, 85, 91, 134, 154, 155, 161
amplifying, 156
and CIA report by Gerald K. Haines, 154
and digital editing technology, 182
and Discover magazine, 169
and Dr. R.V. Jones, 108
and Majestic-12 documents, 157
and the Roswell incident, 155
and UFOs, 154
COMETA's conclusions, 155
conclusions of UFO researchers about Majestic-12, 157
Donald Menzel as deep-cover agent, 158
reducing, 156
UFO-related, 153, 156
uses cited by COMETA report, 156
Division of Films, 62
Division of News, 62
Documentation
Air Force destroyed, 15
lack of, 86
Majestic-12, 156
of UFO-related deception campaign, 95
Dodd, Anthony, 131
Donovan, Col. William, 65
Donovan, Roberta, 11, 14
as co-author of Mystery Stalks the Prairie, 11
Doolittle, General James H.
possible role in foo fighter study, 99
possible role in ghost rocket episode, 99
Dorman, William A., 35, 48, 50, 51
Doty, Richard C., 179
Doubleday (publisher), 70
Dreamland, 24, 180
Druffel, Ann, 131
Drury, Tom, 117
Dryfoos, Orvil, 50
Dulles, Allen, 38, 39, 41, 52, 164
relationship with Arthur Hays Sulzberger, 38
Durant, Frederick C.
and letter from Thornton Page, 163
and UFO book Watch the Skies!, 170
Dyke, Rod
founder of UFO Newsclipping Service, 21
E
EC-135 airborne launch control center aircraft, 12
ECHELON, 56, 113
Edwards Air Force Base, 118
Edwards, Frank, 110, 114, 119, 120
and wire service coverage of UFO reports, 114
claim of recruitment attempt, 110
sabotage of radio program claimed, 119
Eisenhower, Dwight, 29, 67, 76, 77, 156
El Mundo Neuvo, 70
El Salvador, 52
Electra House, 64
Electric Artists, 187
Elite news media
definition of, 21
Ellsberg, Daniel, 49, 57, 58, 190
Emergency Powers (Defence) Act, 45
Emmons, Charles F., 5, 121, 123, 165, 177
Epstein, Edward Jay, 67, 75, 108
Espionage Act, 44, 45
and JANAP 146, 103
Estimate of the Situation, 141
Evening Post, 59
Ewen, Stuart
on role of Progessive journalists in propaganda effort, 61
quote about use of emotions by CPI, 62
Examiner (San Francisco newspaper)
reports NASA's concern about UFO meeting, 116
Executive Order No. 2594, 61
Exercises, security
theory discounted, 15
Express, 59
Extraterrestrial hypothesis for UFOs, 26, 158
and COMETA report, 155
and Edward U. Condon, 143, 144
F
F-106 jet interceptors
scrambling of, 13
scrambling of on Nov. 8, 1975, 13
F-16 fighter
Belgian Defense Minister releases radar tapes from, 20
F-4 Phantom jets
in pursuit of UFO, 104
F-89C all-weather interceptor, 136
Fairway Corporation, 115
Falconbridge, Ontario, Canadian base, 20
Farish, Lucius, 5, 21, 22, 24
on false image presented by national news media, 24
on wire service coverage, 21
Fawcett, Lawrence, 11, 15
as co-author of Clear Intent, 11
FBI. See Federal Bureau of Investigation
FDR. See Roosevelt, Franklin, D.
Fear and Favor in the Newsroom (film), 168
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), 128, 138, 169
and Hudson Valley UFO sightings, 137, 138
reports no jets, 13
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), 71, 123, 127
Federal Communications Commission (FCC), 64
Federation of American Scientists (FAS), 154, 186
Ferrera, Sal, 40
Fifty-four twelve (5412) Committee, 39
Financial News
as conduit for atrocity story, 60
Fire in the Sky (book), 161
and covert disinformation agent theory, 161
Fire in the Sky (movie), 161
First Amendment, 7, 36, 49, 64, 79, 175
and Victor Marchetti, 54
Fitzsimmons, Alan (editor of Heywood Advertiser), 124
Flesher Pass, 16
Flight, missile, 12, 17, 18
descriptions of, 12
Flying Saucer Review, 120
Flying saucers, 81, 105
and campaign to stop rumors about, 102
and Saturday Evening Post, 140
George Meany's comments about Frank Edwards, 119
newspaper coverage of, 106
origin of phrase, 100
press coverage of, 22
Smith memo about, 33
Flying Saucers -- Serious Business (book), 119
Flying Saucers (book), 158
Foerstel, Herbert, 27, 56
FOIA. See Freedom of Information Act
Folk reality, 22, 25, 26, 77, 78, 176, 180
defined, 22
Foo fighters, 81, 98, 99
as possible weapons, 99
possible origin of term, 98
Forbes, 151
Foreign Technology Division, 29, 117
Forest Gump (movie), 182
Forrestal, James
role in National Security Act of 1947, 69
Fort Benton, Montana, 17
Fort Industries, 47
Fort, Charles (author), 100
Four-Minute Man Bulletin, 62
Four-Minute Men, 62, 145, 146
Fowler, Ray, 124
about Hynek and swamp gas story, 136
Fox TV
interviews Lt. Col. Rolwes, 15
Fox, Cynthia, 188
France-Inter (French radio service), 120
Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), 9, 11, 14, 17, 19, 25, 29, 52, 79, 93, 96, 115, 123, 149, 171, 172, 173, 188, 193, 197
and 1967 missile shutdowns, 18
and atomic testing, 69
and book Clear Intent, 11
and Minuteman missile shutdowns, 17
and National Security Agency, 105
and the Hudson Valley UFO case, 139
and UFO news items, 113
Friedman, Stanton, 5, 156, 157, 158
and Roswell disinformation, 155
as target of surveillance, 116
Friend, Robert, 130, 155
From Beyond (TV series), 178
Front organizations, 85, 134
Air Staff 2(a) as, 142
as possible UFO propaganda method, 90
examples of possible UFO-related, 145
Fuller, John G., 143, 176
Fulton, Robert, 137
Funding, covert, 84
G
Galley, Robert (French Defence Minister), 120
Galloway, Dave, 68
Garelik, Glenn, 168, 169
Gelb, Leslie
self censorship by, 51
Gemini program (NASA), 105
General Accounting Office (GAO), 132
and Rep. Steven Schiff's interest in Roswell, 119
probe of Reagan-era propaganda programs, 72
General Electric (GE), 146
as owner of NBC, 76
Gesell, Gerhard (federal judge), 105
Gevelin, Philip, 40
Ghost rockets, 81
censorship of reports, 99
classified documentation about, 99
Gibbs-Smith, Charles
and CBS UFO propaganda film, 163
Glomar Explorer (CIA ship), 134
Goebbels, Joseph, 37, 63
Goldwater, Barry (senator)
quoted about being rebuffed by Gen. LeMay, 29
Good, Timothy, 115, 124
comments on NICAP-CIA ties, 116
Goupil, Jean, 120
Government Communications Headquarters, 54
Graham, Katherine, 51
views about the role of the press, 51
Graham, Sheppard (airline pilot), 126
Gray, Gordon (newspaper publisher), 39
Great Depression, 64
Great Falls Tribune, 16, 17, 18
Great Falls, Montana, 8, 9, 11, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 140, 181
UFO motion pictures taken in, 117
Greenwood, Barry J., 5, 15, 16, 22
as co-author of Clear Intent, 11
on differences between national and local coverage, 22
on lack of press interest, 24
Grenada, 74
use of press pools in, 53
Ground Saucer Watch (GSW), 19
Group leaders, use of, 85
as possible UFO propaganda method, 90
Groves, General Leslie R.
quote about radioactivity, 68
Gruson, Sydney
muzzled by Sulzberger, 41
Guatemala, 41
journalist in paramilitary operation, 40
training of Cuban exiles in, 50
Guenette, Robert, 177
Guerin, Pierre (French astrophysicist), 31, 183
comments on social impact of UFOs, 31
Gulf of Tonkin incident, 71
Gulf War, 53, 73, 74
H
Haberer, Harry, 140
Hager, Nicky, 56
Haines, Gerald K., 154, 155
Haines, Richard, 5, 104, 125, 129, 130, 169
and interviews with airline pilots, 125
findings about Valentich case reported by, 30
on formation flying at night, 138
Halberstam, David
quoted about Tonkin Gulf reporting, 71
Hall, Richard
and Majestic-12 documents, 157
as target of surveillance, 116
Handel, Michael, 75
Hanks, Tom, 182
Hansen, Lee, 5
Harassment
as possible UFO censorship method, 88
of Australian UFO photographers, 118
of UFO witnesses, 85, 128
Harkins, R. Roger, 114
Harlowton, Montana, 14, 17
yellow UFO reported by SAC crew, 14
Harper and Row (publisher), 54
Hartman, William K., 144
Hatch, Carl (senator), 124
Haut, Walter, 101
Havre, Montana, 8, 9, 18
H-bomb, 68
Hearst Publications
lawsuit against by Nicholas Mariana, 141
Hearst, William Randolph, 43
Helicopters, 12, 14
and Air Force public relations, 13
and Minuteman security teams, 12
and national security threats, 14
as theory for Hudson Valley UFO, 138
mid-air collision with UFO, 128
mystery, 11
reasons to doubt explanations, 14
reported in area of missile site Juliet, 14
Helms, Richard, 52, 113
as UPI wire service correspondent, 39
Heywood Advertiser, 124
Hill and Knowlton (public relations firm)
and Gulf War propaganda, 73
Kuwaiti babies as victims ploy, 73
Hill, Barney, 176
Hill, Betty, 176
Hill, Robert A.
letter to Missoulian questioning Air Force explanation, 17
Hillenkoetter, Roscoe, 116
Hillsdale, Michigan, 162
swamp gas incident, 135
Hiroshima, 68
Hogshire, Jim, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153
Holloman Air Force Base, 117, 179
threats against personnel over UFO sightings, 124
Hollywood, 182
and censorship, 46
role in World War II propaganda, 65
role in WWI propaganda campaign, 62
Home Box Office (HBO), 177, 179
Honolulu, Hawaii, 45, 46
Hoover, J. Edgar, 150
Hopkins, Budd, 165
and NOVA UFO program, 165
Horrigan, Marianne, 139
House Committee on Appropriations
James McDonald's testimony before, 121
House Committee on Science and Astronautics, 176
Howe, Linda M., 5, 18, 179
interview with Robert Salas, 18
Hudson Valley UFO sightings, 20, 137, 168, 170
and New York Times, 137
and threats from NSA employee, 123
Hughes, Howard, 134
Hussein, Saddam, 73
Huyghe, Patrick, 5, 19, 25, 93
story in New York Times Magazine, 19
Hynek, J. Allen, 25, 100, 109, 120, 144, 157, 162, 164, 181, 185, 189, 196, 197
and swamp gas cover story, 135
on amount of UFO information, 25
on unscientific nature of Project Blue Book, 142
I
Il Progresso, 149, 150
Illegal activities
as reason for national security blanket, 33
Imbrogno, Philip, 123, 139
on media silence about Hudson Valley sightings, 20
Incarceration, 85
as possible UFO censorship method, 88
NASA ET exposure law, 130
of U.S. Marines after UFO sighting, 130
of UFO witnesses, 130
Incident at Exeter (book), 176
Inside Edition (TV program), 33
Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM), 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 93, 148
International UFO Reporter, 146, 185
Internet, 76, 175, 181, 183, 185, 187, 188, 189, 196
and Art Bell, 180
and MUFON, 186
and psychological operations, 187
and UFO newsgroups, 183
as alternative publishing system, 188
as propaganda tool, 187
as source of UFO news, 183
as tool for fighting back against the media, 188
as tool for surveillance of UFO groups, 188
impact on politics, 186
Michael Lindeman's view of, 185
role in political surveillance and psychological operations, 186
Thomas Bullard's comments about, 186
threats to, 189
use by Pentagon, 187
Invention Secrecy Act of 1951, 48
Izvestia, 76, 183
J
Jacobs, David, 141, 172
as advocate of UFO threat theory, 84
on book Watch the Skies!, 170
on impact of JANAP 146, 103
quoted about impact of Kenneth Arnold sighting, 100
review of Watch the Skies!, 171
Jafee, Sam, 41
JANAP 146, 103
and role in UFO censorship, 103
effects on airline company policies re UFOs, 104
Japan Airlines (JAL), 128, 129
Johnson, Clarence Kelly, 153
Johnson, Hiram W. (Calif. Rep.), 44
Johnson, Val, 165
Joint Chiefs of Staff, 57, 65, 179
Joint Security Control (JSC), 66
Jones, Eric M.
study about colonization of galaxy, 26
Jones, R.V.
as close friend of Dr. H.P. Robertson, 108
role in deception conference, 75
role in World War II, 108
ties to CIA's Robertson Panel, 109
Jones, Tommy Lee, 19
Journal of Scientific Exploration (JSE), 197
Journal of UFO Studies (JUFOS), 196
Judd, Lt. Col. Frederick
public relations officer talks to press, 17
Jung, Carl (psychologist), 30
Just Cause (newsletter), 115
K
Kahn, David, 53
Kai-shek, Chiang, 67
Karamessines, Thomas H., 52
Kean, Leslie, 5, 111, 112
Kennedy, John F., 39, 50, 121, 150, 171
Kennedy, Joseph, 150
Keyhoe, Donald, 130, 164
and CBS Armstrong Circle Theater censorship, 112
and Kinross AFB case, 136
Kidnapped by Aliens? (TV program), 165, 166
King, Larry, 29, 129
Kinross Air Force Base, 136
Kirtland Air Force Base, 179
Kitchener, Lord, 43
Klass, Philip J., 146, 147, 159, 160, 161, 167
and media success, 159
and NOVA UFO program, 164
and possible ties to U.S. intelligence agencies, 161
and secrecy, 160
and use of character assassination, 159
attacks against James McDonald, 121
comments about secrecy and UFOs, 159
qualifications as deep-cover UFO propagandist, 161
Klotz, Jim, 5, 16, 17, 18
Knight, John S., 47
Knightly, Phillip, 37, 44, 45, 59, 60, 61, 68
Knox, Frank (Navy Secretary), 45
Knox, T.W. (Civil War reporter), 43
Kohler, Pierre, 120
Koop, Theodore F., 46, 47
Koppel, Ted, 185
Krushchev, Nikita, 121
Kuhn, Thomas, 191
Kuwait, 73
L
La Prensa, 70
Laird, Melvin, 152
and Generoso Pope Jr., 151
Lantana, Florida, 153
Larry King Live (TV program), 161
Lasswell, Harold, 63
Launch Control Center, 17
description of, 12
Launch Control Facilities
description of, 12
LaVigne, Michelle, 166
Lawrence, T.E., 62
LCC. See Launch Control Center
LCF. See Launch Control Facility
LCS. See London Controlling Section
Leach, Robin, 163, 164
Leap of Faith (book), 118
Lee, Martin, 51, 72, 73
LeMay, General Curtis, 29
Lester, John (reporter), 103, 104
Levin, Gilbert (scientist), 122
Levine, Norman, 144
Lewis, Charles J., 51
Lewiston, Montana
police department reports UFOs, 13
Librarian, Great Falls Tribune
on UFO/missile silo press coverage, 16
Life, 188
Lights
seen by Great Falls Tribune reporter, 16
turned off by UFO when approached, 14
UFO, on truck driver John Struble, 16
Limited hangout, 41
Lincoln, Abraham, 43
Lindeman, Michael, 5, 184, 185
Lippmann, Walter, 36, 59, 61, 62, 63, 64
Lockheed Skunk Works, 153
Loftus, Elizabeth, 165
London Controlling Section (LCS), 66
London Daily Express, 68
Look, 176
Looking Forward (book), 55
Lorenzen, Coral, 109, 114, 124
Lorenzen, Jim, 114
Loring Air Force Base, Maine, 19, 24
and book Clear Intent, 11
Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, 26
Los Alamos, New Mexico, 26, 28, 143, 171
Los Angeles Times, 19, 135, 177
Louisville Courier-Journal, 38
Low, Robert J., 143, 144
Luce, Henry
cooperation with CIA, 38
Lunar Orbiter program (NASA)
and possible censorship, 106
Lynch, Charles
quoted about role of journalists in WWII, 67
M
MacArthur, John R., 53
on Gulf War propaganda, 74
Maccabee, Bruce, 123
Mack, John, 5, 111, 121, 122, 129, 165, 166, 167
and Dateline, 167
and harassment of UFO abductees, 129
and NOVA UFO program, 165, 166
character assassination against, 121
comments on media coverage of UFOs, 167
Mackenzie, Angus, 54, 55, 58, 73
quote about backfiring of CIA plan, 55
Macleish, Archibald, 65
MacLeish, Eric, 166
Macmillan Company, 53
Mafia, 151
and the National Enquirer, 150
and the Office of Naval Intelligence, 151
Majestic-12, 156, 158
and Donald Menzel, 158
Majestic-12 Group Special Operations Manual [SOM]: Extraterrestrial Entities and Technology, Recovery and Disposal, 156
Malmstrom Air Force Base, Montana, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 124
Manhattan Project, 47, 68, 84, 108, 143
and propaganda, 68
Manship, Charles P., 47
Marchetti, Victor (former CIA officer), 32, 40, 50, 54, 55, 57, 70, 157
theories about UFO secrecy, 32
Mariana, Nicholas (photographer), 117, 140, 141, 181
Marks, John, 40, 50
Mars: The Living Planet (book), 122
Marshall, Andrew W., 75
Martin, John (1878 UFO witness), 100
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 150, 166
McBoyle, John, 114
McCampbell, James
quoted about wire service censorship, 24
McCarthy, Joseph, 150
McClelland, Clark, 106
McCoy, Alfred W., 54, 151
McDonald, James, 121, 131, 163
and Philip J. Klass, 159
McDonnell Douglas Corp., 123
McDonnell, James S., 123
McLaughlin, R.B. (Navy Commander)
author of True article about White Sands UFO photography, 118
Meany, George, 119
and Frank Edwards, 120
Media coverage
and ethical considerations, 189
Barry Greenwood's comments about local and national, 22
effects of bias toward officialdom, 106
estimated number of UFO news items, 21
in tabloid press, 19
interest of UFOs in ICBMs reported in Montana, 16
Keith Wolverton asks for help, 15
of Belgian black triangle sightings, 114
of Hudson Valley sightings, 20
of UFO witnesses, 129
of UFOs travels at glacial pace, 20
reasons for Montana press coverage, 15
reporter for Great Falls Tribune sees lights, 16
role of ridicule in, 22
theory that press created UFO mythology, 22
UFOs seen by media personnel, 16
Wolverton asks Air Force to make statement, 15
Meese, Ed, 73
Men in Black (movie), 19
Menzel, Donald, 137, 158, 159, 192
and covert relationships with intelligence agencies, 158
and his UFO sighting, 158
and role in CBS propaganda film, 163
as deep-cover propaganda agent, 158
Mexico City
coverage of UFO reports, 111, 113
Meyer, Cord, 54
MHCHAOS, CIA operation, 40, 52, 71
Mickelson, Sig, 39
hires Walter Cronkite, 67
Microwave motion detectors
and Minuteman missile intrusions, 12
Ministry of Defence, 142
Ministry of Information, 45
Minot Air Force Base, 20
Minuteman ICBM, 8, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 92, 135, 148, 149, 162, 171. See Silos, ICBM
description of sites, 12
missiles go off line after UFO encounters, 17
official Air Force description of, 12
sightings in 1966 and 1967, 17
Missile targeting information, 13
Missoula, Montana, 16
and UFO buzzing incident, 13
Missoulian, 17
reports Air Force public relations comments, 17
MIT Center for International Studies, 150
Moncla, Felix (pilot), 136
Monitoring of UFO reports, 85
examples given, 113
to aid censorship, 86
Montague, Ewen (author of The Man Who Never Was), 66
Moore, Olden, 130
Moore, William
as target of surveillance, 116
Morland, Howard, 48
Morrow, Marty (airline stewardess, UFO witness), 101
Moynihan, Daniel P. (senator), 48, 57, 82
Mugridge, Ian (author), 43
Murrow, Edward R., 39, 119
Mussolini, Benito, 149, 151
Mutual Broadcasting Network, 119, 120
Mutual UFO Network (MUFON), 186
Mystery Stalks the Prairie (book), 11, 13, 16
reasons for writing, 11
N
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), 130
and censorship, 105
and ET exposure law, 130
and surveillance of UFO meeting, 116
Information Security Program, 105
National Command Authorities, 12
National Enquirer, 19, 92, 93, 148, 149, 150, 152, 153, 157, 164
and Bob Pratt, 152
and the Mafia, 150, 151
and Walter Cronkite story, 163
as psychological warfare tool, 148
coverage of UFO/ICBM story, 93
first national coverage of ICBM UFO sightings, 19
National Geographic, 182
National Geographic Society, 47
National Investigations Committee on Aerial Phenomena (NICAP), 112, 116
CIA surveillance of, 115
links to CIA, 115
National security
and elite news media, 179
and helicopters, 13
and the CIA's Robertson Panel, 107
and the elite news media, 27
and the rise of authoritarianism, 36
and the role of the elite news media, 97
and UFO pseudo-environment, 133
and UFOs, 27
and UFOs as policy problem, 82
and UFOs, reasons for concern, 27
COMETA report on UFO threat, 30
control of inventions and, 48
definition of, 27
physical threats to from UFOs, 28
Robert Salas comments on Air Force statements about, 18
social threats to, 30
National Security Act of 1947, 69
and creation of the CIA, 48
as foundation for censorship, 54
National Security Agency (NSA), 39, 53, 56, 87, 105
and Donald Menzel, 158
and sabotage of David Kahn book, 53
and surveillance of UFO groups, 116
and threats against Hudson Valley UFO investigators, 123
report about UFO hypotheses, 29
National Security Council, 29, 39
National Security Decision Directive (NSDD) 84, 55
National Student Association
funding by CIA exposed by Ramparts, 72
National Transportation Safety Board
and TWA Flight 800, 127
Nature, 192
and CSICOP, 146
Naval Intelligence, 45
Navy, U.S., 53, 129
and Donald Menzel, 158
and World War II censorship, 45
NBC, 39, 52, 64, 73, 76, 167, 168, 177, 179, 182
and Dateline UFO coverage, 167
New Deal, 64
New Mexico, 68, 82, 117, 118, 119, 124, 131, 132, 134, 156
and Roswell incident, 101
UFO sighting by Donald Menzel, 158
New Scientist
and CSICOP, 146
New York Enquirer, 150
New York Herald, 43
New York Times, 10, 19, 21, 23, 24, 38, 41, 49, 50, 51, 52, 57, 65, 66, 67, 72, 76, 93, 95, 96, 110, 111, 112, 129, 135, 148, 156, 163, 169, 172, 176, 187
and coverage of CIA UFO report, 154
and Hudson Valley UFO coverage, 137, 138, 139
and swamp gas cover story, 135
as CIA asset, 38
content analysis of, 23
reports GSW's FOIA results, 19
New York Times Magazine, 25, 93
carries UFO article by Patrick Huyghe, 19
New York Times News Service, 24
New Yorker, 166
Newhouse, Delbert, 181
News management
rationale for, 9
Newsday, 53, 182
Newsweek, 21, 51, 66
and foo fighter censorship, 98
NICAP. See National Investigations Committee on Aerial Phenomena
Nichols, Sandy, 188
Night Flying (book), 138
Night Siege (book), 138
Nixon administration
and Pentagon Papers case, 49
Nixon, Richard, 49, 52, 151, 152
NORAD. See North American Air Defense Command
North American Air Defense Command (NORAD), 13, 17
records describe objects as UFOs, 14
tracks UFO on radar, 13
North American Aviation, 105
North, Oliver, 51
Northcliffe, Lord, 40
NOVA, 164, 165, 166, 167
and Dr. John Mack, 166
and letter from John Mackís attorney, 166
NSA. See National Security Agency
Nuclear weapons, 8, 9, 11, 12, 14, 15, 17, 18, 68, 82, 102, 133
and UFO press coverage, 92
and UFOs, 11
O
Oak Ridge, 28
Ober, Richard, 52
Oberg, James, 164
Office of Censorship, 46
Office of Coordinator of Information, 65
Office of Facts and Figures, 65
Office of Naval Intelligence (ONI), 151
Office of Public Diplomacy (OPD), 72
Office of Special Investigations (USAF), 117
Office of Strategic Services (OSS), 65, 69, 70, 149, 150, 151, 152
and the National Enquirer, 149
Office of Technology Assessment (OTA), 27
Office of War Information (OWI), 46, 65
Official reality, 22, 25, 26, 27, 77, 78, 79, 176, 180
defined, 22
Official Secrets Act, 37, 124, 175
and UFO radar tracking reports, 124
use against Heywood Advertiser, 124
Olson, Geoff, 5
Olson, Jess, 5
Olssen, Robert, 109
Operations Crossroads, 68
Oppenheimer, Robert, 33
Oprah, 129
Oregonian, 101
OSS. See Office of Strategic Services
OWI. See Office of War Information
P
Page, Thornton
confesses role in CBS propaganda film, 163
Paine Field, Washington, 18
Paley, William (CBS chairman), 39, 67, 164
cooperation with CIA, 38
Panama
use of press pools in, 53
Parade, 19, 93
reports ICBM sightings, 19
Paramount, 161
Paris Match
reports Belgian UFO sightings, 20
Parker, Sir Gilbert, 61
Parliament (British), 43, 45
Parry, Robert, 51
Patent and Trademark Office, 48
Pearl Harbor, 17, 46, 65, 67, 113, 171
and justification for CIA, 69
and Navy censorship plans, 46
censorship after, 45
Peebles, Curtis, 170, 171, 172
Pegler, Westbrook (United Press reporter), 44
Penson, Chuck, 5, 8
Pentagon, 19, 30, 34, 56, 71, 73, 74, 75, 76, 82, 119, 164, 179, 187, 192
and Charles Swettís Internet assessment, 186
and compartmentalization, 56
and Frank Edwards, 119, 120
and General Gamble, 110
and Generoso Pope Jr., 152
and psychological operations, 187
and Sidney Shallet, 140
and the National Enquirer, 149
and use of press pools, 52
and Vietnam news coverage, 190
and Washington, D.C., UFO sightings, 137
and White Sands article, 118
as source of funding for science, 192
Pentagon Papers, 49, 57
Persinger, Michael
and NOVA TV program, 165
Pew Research Center, 77
Pflock, Karl, 116
Phillips, David Attlee, 38
Photo Fakery (book), 182
Photography
and CBS News lies about UFO, 162
and uses of digital editing technology, 182
confiscation of UFO, 117
effect of digital editing technology on UFO, 182
motion picture, of UFOs, 181
of Australian UFO, 118
of Belgian black triangle UFO, 20
of Gulf War combat, 53
of New Guinea UFO, 117
of UFO by Shelby Times publisher, 16
of UFO by White Sands scientists, 118
of UFOs over Washington, D.C., 102
Pike Report, 70
Pike, John, 154
Pilots, aircraft. See Aircraft encounters with UFOs
Polls, 10, 121, 176
about public confidence of news (Yankelovich), 77
about public interest in UFOs (Gallup, 1966), 162
difference between official reality and folk reality, 22
Industrial Research survey, 25
Pew Research Center on credibility of news media, 77
reaction to ET contact (NIDS), 32
survey by American Society of Newspaper Editors, 77
survey of American Astronomical Society, 25
Time / CNN, June 15, 1997, 22
Pondera County, Montana, 14
UFO sighting wave of November 16, 1975, 14
Pope, Generoso Jr., 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 164
and CIA files on, 151
and the Nixon White House, 151
and views about UFOs, 153
as deep-cover agent, 157
Pope, Generoso Sr., 149, 150
Power, Montana, 8
Powers, Richard Gid
quoted about secrecy and democracy, 42
Pratt, Bob, 5, 29, 148, 149, 152, 153
Pravda, 75, 183
Press pools, 52
Prevves, 70
Price, Byron, 46, 47, 113
Princeton University, 31, 61, 108
Project 1947, 197
Project Blue Book, 28, 101, 102, 106, 130, 140, 141, 142, 154, 155, 172
Project Blue Book Special Report 14, 103, 142
Project Grudge, 140, 141, 142
Project Mogul, 102, 135, 155
origin of cover story with CIA's Karl Pflock, 116
Project Saucer, 141
Project Sign, 141
Prometheus Books, 147, 170
PROMIS software, 56
Propaganda, 36, 39, 63, 97, 134, 147, 195
and number of CIA assets, 40
and the role of the Internet, 187
books and articles as possible UFO, 91
black, 133
examples of UFO-related, 133
films and TV programs as possible UFO, 91
Japanese racial stereotyping in, 66
Nazi, 37
possible UFO-related methods of, 89
problems in identifying, 133
white, 133
role of book publishing in, 70
UFO books and articles, 86, 134, 162, 168, 172
UFO films and TV programs as, 86, 134
uses in Persian Gulf War, 73
uses in the nuclear era, 68
uses in Vietnam War era, 71
uses in World War I, 59
uses in World War II, 64
white and black defined, 64
Propaganda Assets Inventory (CIA), 40
Pseudo-environment, 35, 59, 78, 89
Psychological Strategy Board, 39
Psychological warfare, 63, 65, 67, 70, 72, 84, 107, 134, 153, 164, 187
and Generoso Pope Jr., 150
and the Internet, 186
and the National Enquirer, 148
as possible UFO propaganda method, 91
dangers from UFOs, 30
multiple components of, 98
National Enquirer coverage as, 92
role of CIA's Robertson Panel, 107
Psychological Warfare Staff (CIA), 115, 116
Public Broadcasting Service (PBS), 164, 165, 167, 177
and NOVA UFO programs, 167
Public relations, 7, 73, 74, 89, 187
Air Force, 16
Air Force denies interest in Montana sightings, 16
Air Force denies objects tracked on radar, 18
Air Force denies threat of Montana sightings, 17
Air Force feigns indifference about missile shutdowns, 18
and Air Force helicopter explanations, 13
and Edward L. Bernays, 63
and Mariana UFO film, 140
and Saturday Evening Post UFO coverage, 140
and UFO reporting, 139
bogus investigations and reports as, 141
Captain John Carter denies Air Force interest, 18
catastrophe over True magazine article, 118
crisis over Washington, D.C., UFO sightings, 137
possible use of consultants in UFO propaganda, 89
swamp gas fiasco, 162
Washington National crisis, 102
Publications Review Board, 55
Q
Quantico, Virginia, 130
and U.S. Marine UFO witnesses, 136
Quest International, 131
Quiet, 70
R
Rabinowitz, Dorothy, 165
Radar, 8, 9, 13, 18, 20, 48, 102, 129, 193
Air Force denies unusual activity, 18
and CBS UFO film, 163
and visual UFO sightings, 13
Belgian black triangle UFO, 137
CBS lies about, 162
height-finding, 8
Kinross AFB incident, 136
Official Secrets Act used to silence reports of UFOs, 124
operators ask KOJM for confirmation of UFO, 18
stealth technology, 153
tracking of Belgian black triangle, 20
UFO tracking by NORAD, 13
visibility of SR-71 on, 154
Washington, D.C., sightings, 136
Radio Free Asia, 70
Radio Free Europe, 70
Radio Liberty, 70
Rain, Frank, 95
Ramparts (magazine), 40, 52, 72
and Carl Rowan, 40
and the CIA, 52
RAND Corporation, 75
Randle, Kevin, 124
Randles, Jenny, 118, 126, 127, 128, 142
Rather, Dan, 185
Rawlins, Dennis, 146
Reagan, Ronald, 39, 51, 52, 55, 72, 73, 76, 164
Ream, Joseph H., 39
Recollections of Roswell, Part II (videocassette), 182
Recruitment, 134
of influential journalists, 85
of influential journalists for UFO censorship, 86
of influential spokespeople, 85
of influential spokespersons as possible method of UFO propaganda, 90
of journalists, 38
of journalists by CIA, 40
of journalists for UFO-related censorship assignments, 109
of spokespersons, examples of UFO-related, 145
Redfern, Nicholas, 113, 116, 117, 124, 128, 131
Redford, Robert
as character in Three Days of the Condor, 96
Remington, Frederick, 43
Rense, Jeff, 181
Reuters, 59, 67
as a propanda outlet, 59
deleted details of UFO story, 114
Review-Journal (Las Vegas newspaper), 102
Revolutionary War, 43
Ridicule
as factor in reporting of UFOs, 22
Roberts, Andy, 99
Roberts, George
threats against during Roswell incident, 124
Robertson Panel, 107, 108, 109, 111, 113, 115, 116, 141, 145, 147
and book Watch the Skies!, 170
and CBS UFO propaganda film, 163
and Dr. R.V. Jones, 109
as justification for domestic propaganda, 109
comments about by David Saunders, 108
description by Curtis Peebles, 171
observations about by sociologist Michael Swords, 108
Robertson, Cliff
as CIA officer in Three Days of the Condor, 96
Robertson, H.P., 107, 108
Rodeghier, Mark, 5, 155, 181, 194
and Majestic-12 documents, 157
comments on UFO videotapes, 181
on impact of Internet on Center for UFO Studies, 185
on possible role of Internet for monitoring UFO groups, 188
Rogers, Mike, 161
Rolwes, Lt. Col. Gerald E.
discounted security exercise theory, 15
Roosevelt administration
and U-boat crisis, 94
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 46, 64, 65, 149
decides to keep censorship and propaganda separate, 65
self censorship by photographers, 47
skepticism about compliance engineers, 64
Rosenberg, Howard, 177
Roswell Army Air Force Base, 101
Roswell incident, 106, 177
and Air Force disinformation, 155
and book Watch the Skies!, 170
and confiscation of evidence, 117
and disinformation, 155
and GAO investigation, 132
and incarceration of Mac Brazel, 131
and missing documents, 119
and Philip J. Klass, 159
and threats against KGFL, 124
and videotaped productions, 182
and weather balloon explanation, 81, 101
and wire service censorship, 114
government position on, 115
Project Mogul balloon as cover story, 135
threats against life of George Wilcox and family, 123
Roswell, New Mexico, 101
Rowan, Carl, 39, 72
Rubins, Jerry, 41
Ruppelt, Edward, 28, 101, 102, 106, 140, 172
on Air Force policy toward press, 104
on handling reporters at Project Grudge, 140
on interest of UFOs in military bases, 28
on Saturday Evening Post article by Sidney Shallet, 140
quoted about UFO security lid being down tight, 102
Ryan Electronics, 105
Ryan, J. Harold, 47
S
Sabotage, 85
as possible UFO censorship method, 87
of French radio broadcasts, 120
of UFO program advertising, 119
UFO-related examples of, 119
Sabotage Alert Team (SAT), 12
ordered to investigate UFOs, 14
SAC. See Strategic Air Command
Sacramento Bee, 112
and story by Leslie Kean, 112
Sagan, Carl
and Edward U. Condon, 144
and NOVA UFO program, 165
and temperature inversion theory for UFOs, 137
Salas, Robert, 5, 17, 18
describes 1967 UFO encounters at Minuteman sites, 17
Salt Lake City, Utah, 101
San Francisco, California, 45
Sarbacher, Robert, 33
confirms contents of Smith memo about UFO research, 33
Sarnoff, David
possible role in ghost rocket episode, 99
SAT. See Sabotage Alert Team
Saturday Review, 176
Saunders, David, 108, 140, 141, 143, 144
and French radio tapes, 120
comment about layers of secrecy in Robertson Panel, 108
Saunders, Frances Stonor, 145
Scandinavian nations
and ghost rockets, 99
Schiff, Steven (congressman), 119, 132
and death from cancer, 132
Schmalz, Jeffrey (reporter), 138
Schwarzkopf, General H. Norman, 53
Science, 192
Science Museum of Minnesota, 125
Scientific American, 27, 48, 146
and CSICOP, 146
refused to cover Wright Brothers, 26
Scientists
as UFO witnesses, 26
opinions about UFOs, 25
Scripps-Howard news organization, 47
Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI), 26, 192
Seattle, Washington, 18, 46, 101, 128, 132, 159, 188
and Boeing Corp., 12
CSICOP news conference, 137
Secrecy
reasons for, 30
Secrecy agreements, 38, 55, 85, 87, 90, 93, 110, 115
and claims of Frank Edwards, 110
and NASA personnel, 106
and Olden Moore case, 130
as UFO censorship method, 87
for non-commercial pilot, 104
with the Sulzbergers of the New York Times, 38
Secrecy and Democracy: The CIA in Transition (book), 55
Secret Power: New Zealandís Role in the International Spy Network (book), 56
Secret Science: Federal Control of American Science and Technology (book)
definition of national security, 27
Secret Treaty. See UKUSA Security Agreement
Sedition Act of 1918, 44
Sensitive Compartmented Information, 56
Shallet, Sidney, 140
Shandera, Jamie, 156
Sharkwatchers (UFO surveillance group), 117
Shelby Times (newspaper), 16
Shelby, Montana, 16
sheriff's office, 13
Sheppard, Graham (airline pilot), 126
Sherman, General William Tecumseh, 43
Sightings (radio program), 181
Silos, ICBM, 8, 12, 16
E-2, 12
K-1, 13, 14
K-3, 13
K-4, 14
K-7, 13
L-1, 13, 14
L-3, 13
L-4, 13
L-5, 13
L-6, 13, 14
M-1, 13, 14
Simon & Schuster
as publishers of The UFO Cover-Up, 11
Skeptical Enquirer, 146
Sleppy, Lydia
and Roswell wire service censorship, 114
Smith, E.J. (United Airlines Captain)
reports UFO sighting in Oregonian, 101
Smith, Walter Bedell, 67, 164
Smith, Wilbert, 33, 67, 163
memo about secret UFO research in U.S., 33
Smithsonian Institution Press
and role in publishing UFO books, 170
Smokey Stover comic strip, 98
Sneddon, Jim, 127
Snepp III, Frank W., 55
Society for Scientific Exploration (SSE), 116, 197
surveillance of, 116
Solomon, Norman, 51, 72, 73
Sorrells, John H., 47
Sounds
jet-engine, 13
Spanish American War, 43
Sparks, Brad, 149, 172
Special Access Programs, 56
Spin control. See Damage control
Spiro, Kenneth V. (police officer), 137
Sprinkle, Leo, 131
SR-71, 153, 154
and Aviation Week & Space Technology, 160
St. George, Nevada
exposure to radiation from atomic testing, 68
St. Petersburg Times, 74
Stacey, Terrell (airline pilot), 127
Stamford, Major General John A.
and UFO press conference, 137
Stark, Sherie, 177
Star-Ledger (Newark, N.J., newspaper), 104
carried article about airline pilot protest, 103
Statesman (Boise, Idaho, newspaper)
quoted Lt. General Nathan Twining, 100
Steinman, William, 33
Stevens, Ralph (United Airlines first officer), 101
Stewart Airfield, 139
Stimson, Henry (Secretary of War), 46
Stinebaugh, Lloyd, 16
publisher of Shelby Times photographs UFO, 16
Strategic Air Command (SAC), 13, 17, 28, 139
crews observe yellow UFO, 14
Strentz, Herbert, 21, 22, 128, 142
estimates number of UFO news items, 21
Stringfield, Leonard
as target of surveillance, 116
Struble, John T.
cement-truck driver's close encounter, 16
Stuart, Mark (airline pilot), 127
Stuart, Sir Campbell, 40, 64
Sturrock, Peter, 25, 26
findings of astronomer survey, 25
Sulzberger, Arthur Hays (NYT publisher), 38, 41, 52, 110, 111
cooperation with CIA, 38
Sulzberger, C.L., 38
Supreme Allied Headquarters
and foo fighter censorship, 99
Supreme Court, 49, 54, 55
Surveillance
of UFO groups and individuals, 85, 87
UFO-related examples of, 115
Surveys. See Polls
Swayze, John Cameron, 68
Swett, Charles, 186, 187
Swissair
and UFO near miss incident, 127
Swords, Michael (sociologist), 5, 108, 141, 144, 163, 171
on book Watch the Skies!, 171
on Edward U. Condonís behavior, 144
on the University of Colorado UFO study, 143
T
Tabloid press
and Freedom of Information Act, 19
as possible psychological warfare tool, 92
items avoided by UFO Newsclipping Service, 21
Talk radio, 177, 180
Tammany Hall, 149
Targeting of groups, 134
as possible UFO propaganda method, 90
UFO-related examples, 147
Tate, Keith
role in NASA surveillance of UFO meeting, 116
Technology transfer
from UFO research, 32
Tehran Journal, 113
Telecommunications Act of 1996, 180
Teller, Edward
and Encyclopedia Americana censorship, 49
Temple, Robert (author)
harassment claims of, 122
Terauchi, Kenju (JAL 747 pilot), 128, 129
Terkel, Studs, 168
Teton County, Montana, 14
UFO sighting wave of November 19, 1975, 14
The Art of War (book), 59
The Case of the UFOs (TV program), 164
The CIA and the Cult of Intelligence (book), 50
censorship of, 54
The Codebreakers (book), 53
The Cultural Cold War (book), 145
The Day After Roswell (book), 33
The Hynek UFO Report (book), 136
The Interrupted Journey (book), 176
The Invasion of Mars (study by Hadley Cantril), 31
The Man Who Never Was (book), 66
The Media Monopoly (book), 180
The Penkovsky Papers (propaganda book), 70
The Politics of Heroin in Southeast Asia (book), 54
The Progressive (magazine), 48, 49
The Report on Unidentified Flying Objects (book), 28, 140, 172
as a work of propaganda, 172
The Saturday Evening Post, 140
The Sirius Mystery (book), 122
The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (book), 191
The Times (of London), 40, 47, 59, 60, 64
The UFO Controversy in America (book), 172
The UFO Cover-Up, 13
formerly published as Clear Intent, 11
The UFO Enigma (book), 158
The UFO Experience: A scientific inquiry (book), 136
The Well, 183
The World of Flying Saucers (book), 158
Thomas, Lowell, 62, 119
Thought, 70
Threats
against Australian UFO witnesses, 118
against commercial airline pilots, 125
against George Wilcox and family, 123
against German civilian pilot, 104
against Holloman Air Force Base personnel, 124
against individuals and organizations, 85
against Montana radio station in 1967, 124
against news organizations, 124
against the Science Museum of Minnesota, 125
against UFO investigator Robert Todd, 123
against UFO witnesses as censorship method, 88
examples of UFO-related, 123
Three Days of the Condor (movie), 96
Time, 21, 22, 38, 40, 51, 65, 66, 67, 70, 76, 121, 122, 168, 172, 182
and Harvard psychiatrist John Mack, 121
Time Warner, 189
Time, Inc.
as CIA asset, 38
Timmerman, John, 5
Todd, Robert, 123
Top Secret / MAJIC (book), 156
True (magazine), 118
Truman, Harry, 68, 156
and Venona intercepts, 57
Tulien, Tom, 5, 178
Tunick, Irve (CBS writer), 112
Turin, Italy
UFO sightings over, 120
Turner, Jonathan
claims about British government surveillance, 117
Turner, Stansfield, 55
TWA Flight 800, 127
Twining, Nathan, 100, 156
Tzu, Sun (author of The Art of War), 59
U
U.S. Air Force, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 24, 28, 29, 33, 70, 82, 99, 101, 102, 109, 112, 123, 130, 132, 135, 136, 140, 141, 142, 144, 155, 156, 162, 171, 172
1952 Washington, D.C., press conference, 102
and 1947 Roswell press release, 101
and CBS, 112
and CBS Reports, 162
and Col. Richard Weaver's Roswell report, 155
and cover stories, 136
and credibility with public, 135
and description of Minuteman system, 12
and Donald Keyhoe, 112
and JAL UFO case, 129
and JANAP 146, 103
and Kinross AFB cover story, 136
and Mariana UFO film controversy, 117
and Minuteman situation, 92
and missile/UFO press coverage, 92
and New Guinea UFO photograph, 117
and Nicholas Mariana UFO film, 140
and Project Blue Book, 142
and Richard C. Doty, 179
and Roswell disinformation, 155
and scrambling of jets, 17
and security test theory, 15
and Sidney Shallet, 140
and stealth aircraft disinformation, 153
and swamp gas cover story, 136
and termination of Project Grudge, 141
and the Estimate of the Situation, 141
and the University of Colorado UFO study, 143
and UFO damage control, 137
and UFO sighting by Donald Menzel, 158
and University of Colorado UFO study, 144
at 1966 congressional UFO hearing, 162
correspondence with Robert Low, 144
Office of Special Investigations, 179
pilots blast censorship, 103
Regulation 200-2, 103
statement to press about scientist seeing flying objects, 101
U.S. Information Agency (USIA), 39, 40, 72
and Betsy Cronkite, 67
U-2, 154, 155
U-boats
and press coverage, 94
UFO Abductions: A Dangerous Game (book), 167
UFO Coverup? Live From Area 51 (TV program), 29
UFO Encyclopedia (book), 130, 158, 197
UFO Hypotheses and Survival Questions (NSA report), 29
UFO Magazine, 131
UFO Newsclipping Service, 21, 24
UFO! Danger in the Air (book), 127
UFOs. See Unidentified Flying Objects
UFOs -- Identified (book), 147
UFOs: Friend, Foe, or Fantasy (TV program), 162, 163
UKUSA Security Agreement, 69, 81, 87
Unidentified Flying Objects
1966 and 1967 sightings near missiles sites, 17
and national security, 9
as counter-intelligence problem, 82
as policy issue, 83
Belgian black triangle sightings, 20
black, tubular object, 13
buzzing of police cruiser near Great Falls, 13
coverage by Montana press, 15
dangers to aircraft, 29
in Brazil as reported by Bob Pratt, 29
possible hostility of, 84
problem of motivations, 83
radar tracking of, 8, 13
radar-visual reports in Washington, D.C., 102
radar-visual sightings at ICBM sites, 13
theodolite photography of, 117
tracked on NORAD radar, 13
turned off lights when approached, 14
United Press, 44, 47, 67, 87, 113
and censorship of Pearl Harbor details, 45
and UFO censorship, 102
United Press International (UPI), 39, 51, 73
United States Intelligence Board, 53
University of Colorado, 108
University of Colorado UFO study, 109, 114, 123, 140, 143, 144, 162, 170
and journalist John G. Fuller, 176
and role of Dr. R.V. Jones, 109
UPI. See United Press International
Upshot-Knothole, 68
Use of group leaders, 134
USIA. See U.S. Information Agency
V
Valentich, Frederick Paul (missing pilot), 29, 30, 128, 136
Vandenberg, General Hoyt S., 141
Varig Airlines
policy against reporting UFOs, 126
Venona intercepts, 56
Video cameras
effects on UFO reporting, 181
Vietnam War, 52, 53, 71, 72, 190
Viking spacecraft (NASA)
and Gilbert Levin's experiment, 122
Village Voice, 70
Voice of America, 39
Von Braun, Werner, 106
Von Neumann, John, 33
W
Walker, Tom (Wall Street Journal reporter), 20
Wall Street Journal, 19, 114, 148, 185, 187
review of NOVA UFO program, 165
ridicules Belgian black triangle sightings, 20
Walt Disney, 76
mentioned by CIAís Robertson Panel, 107
Walton, Travis, 161
and NOVA UFO program, 165
and Philip J. Klass, 161
War of the Worlds, 30, 145
War Powers Act, 46
Washington Institute of Technology, 33
Washington National Airport sightings
and book Watch the Skies!, 170
Washington Post, 19, 40, 49, 51, 52, 72, 111
reports Montana and other military sightings, 19
Washington Times, 112
and story by Leslie Kean, 112
Watch the Skies! A Chronicle of the Flying Saucer Myth (book), 170, 172
review by Michael Swords, 171
Weapons System Evaluation Group, 108
Weather
as possible cover story for UFO sightings, 89
ruled out helicopter explanation, 14
Weaver, Col. Richard, 155
Weinberger, Caspar, 51
Weiner, Tim (NYT reporter), 41
Welles, Orson, 30, 31, 107, 164
Wells, H.G., 30
coined phrase "the war that will end war", 43
Western Michigan University, 108
Westinghouse
as owner of CBS, 76
Whaley, Barton, 75
White House
and the National Enquirer, 149
White Sands, New Mexico, 28, 118, 124, 172
White, Theodore, 67
Who's Who, 150
Widnall, Sheila (Air Force Secretary)
asked by Inside Edition about secret aircraft and UFOs, 33
Wildermuth, Capt. Ron, 53
Williams, Pete, 74
Wills, Roger (airline pilot), 127
Willwerth, James (Time reporter), 122
Wilson, Woodrow, 44, 61
and censorship, 44
Winn-Dixie grocery story chain
and the National Enquirer, 151
Wire services, 9, 18, 21, 24, 25, 44, 46, 51, 74, 113, 114, 185
and Frank Edwards, 114
and lack of coverage, 9
and Pearl Harbor attack, 45
and UFO coverage, 21
censorship of, 25
coverage estimated by Lucius Farish, 21
only seldom were UFO stories carried, 21
Reuters, 59
role in WWII censorship, 47
United Press, 47, 67
United Press carries story about UFO censorship, 102
UPI acquired by Earl W. Brian, 73
UPI and USIA deal, 73
Wisner, Frank, 69
Wisner's Wurlitzer, 70
Wolfe, Karl (technician), 106
Wolverton, Keith, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16
appeals to the media for help, 15
as co-author of Mystery Stalks the Prairie, 11
Wood, Robert
and attacks by Edward Condon, 123
Woodward, Bob, 51
World War I, 37, 40, 44, 63, 73, 133, 145, 173, 190
and propaganda, 59
censorship and propaganda in, 43
World War II, 35
and British deception in, 66
and growth of secrecy, 37
and JANAP 146, 103
and the OSS and Mafia, 151
and UFOs, 98
censorship in, 44
role of Dr. R.V. Jones in, 108
U-boat crisis in, 94
World Wide Web, 183
as alternative publishing system, 188
Wright Brothers
Scientific American's refusal to cover, 26
Wright Field, 117, 140
Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, 29, 159
Wurtsmith Air Force Base, 20
X
X-Files (TV program), 189
Z
Zechel, Todd, 115
In 2002, The Missing Times was awarded "Best Book In a UFO Subject" by Britain's UFO Magazine.